Umgomo, izici kanye nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokucima i-laser
Ukucima i-laser kuyinqubo esezingeni eliphezulu esebenzisa imisebe ye-laser enamandla aphezulu ukushisa izindawo zezinto ngale kwamaphuzu azo okuguquka kwesigaba. Njengoba izinto zibanda ngokwemvelo, i-austenite iguquka ibe yi-martensite, idale ungqimba oluqinile olunobunzima obumangalisayo kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka ebusweni bomkhiqizo. Le ndlela iguqula kakhulu isakhiwo esincane kanye nezakhiwo zezindawo zokusebenza ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwesisekelo sezinto eziyisisekelo, ifinyelele ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla endaweni ethile ngokucubungula ukushisa okulawulwayo.
Izici zokucima ubuso nge-laser zifaka:
Ubuningi bamandla aphezulu: ukucima ubuso nge-laser kusebenzisa umsebe we-laser ogxile njengomthombo wokushisa ukuze kushiswe ngokushesha ubuso bento yokusebenza bese kwakha i-austenite.
Ukushisa nokupholisa okusheshayo: Le nqubo ifinyelela ukufudumala okusheshayo ngemizuzwana (ngokuvamile imizuzwana engu-0.01-0.001), inciphisa ngempumelelo ukuguquguquka kwezingxenye zomsebenzi. Le ndlela yokucima ehlanzekile nephumelelayo iqeda isidingo samanzi noma uwoyela njengezinto zokupholisa. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuqina kokufakelwa, ukuqina komlilo, kanye nezinqubo zokufaka i-carburizing, ukucima nge-laser kunikeza ungqimba oluqiniswe ngokulinganayo olunobunzima obuphakeme (ngokuvamile oluyi-1-3HRC oluphakeme kunokucima kokufakelwa).
Ukuguqulwa Kwezingxenye Okuncane: Inqubo yokushisa nokupholisa okusheshayo inciphisa ukuguquguquka kwezingxenye zomsebenzi, okuvumela ukulawula okunembile kokujula kokushisa kanye nomzila. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuzenzakalela ngaphandle kokudinga ama-induction coil enziwe ngokwezifiso osayizi bezingxenye ezahlukene, njengoba kudingeka ngokuqina kwe-induction. Kuphinde kuqede imikhawulo yobukhulu besithando esihambisana nokwelashwa kokushisa kwamakhemikhali njengokufaka i-carburizing kanye nokucima izingxenye ezinkulu. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuqina kwe-laser kushintsha kakhulu izindlela zendabuko njengokuqina kwe-induction kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa kwamakhemikhali kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni. Okuphawulekayo ukuthi, ukuqina kwe-laser kubangela ukuguquguquka kwezinto ezincane ngaphambi nangemva kokwelashwa. Ezingxenyeni zensimbi ezishisa kakhulu lapho amazinga okushisa okucima ehambisana kakhulu namaphuzu okuncibilika, ukuqina kwendawo okusekelwe ku-induction kuvame ukulimaza amakhona noma izindawo ezingajwayelekile, okuholela ekuqhekekeni. Ukuqina kwendawo ye-laser kugwema lo mkhawulo ngokuphelele.
Ngakho-ke, ifaneleka kakhulu ekuphathweni kwezingxenye ngezidingo zokunemba okuphezulu. Umsebenzi ophathwayo awudingi ukugaywa futhi ungasetshenziswa njengenqubo yokugcina yokuqedela.
Ifanele izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi: Ingasetshenziswa ezintweni eziyinkimbinkimbi njengemigodi engaboni, imigodi yangaphakathi, imifantu emincane, izingxenye ezinezindonga ezincane, njll. Ukuguquguquka okunamandla: Ngenxa yokujula okukhulu kokugxila kwe-laser, azikho imikhawulo eqinile ngobukhulu, ubukhulu, noma ubuso bezingxenye ngesikhathi sokucima. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukucima okukhona okunemvamisa ephakathi nendawo ephezulu kudinga izinzwa zokungenisa ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zezingxenye ezahlukahlukene;
Ukujula kwezingqimba eziqiniswe nge-laser ngokuvamile kuphakathi kobubanzi obungu-0.3-2.0Mm kuye ngezici ezifana nokwakheka kwezinto, imininingwane, izici zobuso, kanye nemingcele yokucubungula ebalulekile. Lapho kwenziwa ukwelashwa kokucima entanyeni yomgodi wamagiya amakhulu okudlulisa noma izingxenye zomgodi womotha, ubulukhuni bobuso abushintshi. Lokhu kuqeda isidingo somshini wokugaya ngemuva kokucubungula ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezithile zokusebenza.
Ukucima i-laser kusebenzisa izindlela ezimbili zokuskena: ukuskena kwebhendi encane enezindawo eziyindilinga noma eziyisikwele, kanye nokuskena kwebhendi ebanzi kusetshenziswa izindawo eziqondile. Ububanzi bendawo eqinile ekuskeneni kwebhendi encane bufana kakhulu nobubanzi bezindawo, ngokuvamile ngaphakathi kwama-5mm. Ezinhlelweni zokuqinisa indawo enkulu, kudingeka ukuskena okulandelanayo lapho izindawo ezihambisanayo zidala amabhendi okuthambisa athambile. Ububanzi balezi zindawo buxhomeke ezicini zamabala, kanye namabala ayizikwele afanayo ngokuvamile akhiqiza amabhande amancane. Ukuze kuncishiswe imiphumela emibi yamabhendi okuthambisa, kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bokuskena kwebhendi ebanzi. Le ndlela iguqula amabala ayindilinga agxilile abe yilawo aqondile, okwandisa kakhulu ububanzi bokuskena.
Ucwaningo, ukuthuthukiswa, kanye nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokucima i-laser okwamanje kusesigabeni sokukhuphuka, yize izinselele ziyaqhubeka ekucubunguleni izinto zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kodwa-ke, njengobuchwepheshe obusha bokwelapha ukushisa obusezingeni eliphezulu, ukucima i-laser kwenza kube lula ukufezwa kwezinhloso zobuchwepheshe izindlela zendabuko zokucima ubuso ezilwela ukuzifeza. Okuphawulekayo ukuthi le nqubo isusa isidingo semidiya yokupholisa ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, ihambisana nokuzibophezela komkhakha womhlaba wonke ezindinganisweni "zokukhiqiza okune-oxidation ephansi kanye nobungane nemvelo". Isebenza kahle kakhulu ekwelapheni ukushisa komhlaba kwezingxenye ezahlukene zemishini, kufaka phakathi imiphetho yamathuluzi okusika, izindawo zokuvala ama-valve, amagiya amancane, isikhunta esincane, izingxenye zezimoto, amasongo egiya, iziqondiso zamathuluzi omshini, imiphini yemoto, kanye nemiphini yokunciphisa.