Indlela ubuchwepheshe be-laser cladding obushintsha ngayo ama-impeller

Indlela ubuchwepheshe be-laser cladding obushintsha ngayo ama-impeller

Embonini yemishini, ama-impeller afana nezinhliziyo ezingakhathali, aqhuba izinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi kusukela ezinjinini zezindiza kuya kumaphampu amanzi amakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukuguguleka, ukugqwala, kanye nokukhathala, njengomqophi wesikhathi, kushiya izibazi ezingapheli kulezi zingxenye ezijikelezayo ngesivinini esikhulu. Lapho izindlela zokulungisa zendabuko zifinyelela imingcele yazo, ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokukhiqiza kabusha obubizwa ngokuthi "i-laser cladding" bunikeza lezi zingxenye eziyinhloko "impilo yesibili" ngokunemba kwayo kokuhlinzwa kanye nomlingo.

I. Ukumbozwa Nge-Laser: Umlingo Wensimbi ku-Microscale

Isimiso esiyinhloko sobuchwepheshe bokumboza nge-laser siwumlingo wesimanje we-metallurgical oqondile nolawulekayo owenzeka ngaphakathi kwezikhawu zamamilimitha. Isebenzisa umsebe we-laser onamandla aphezulu (ngokuvamile u-10^4~10^6 W/cm²) njengomthombo wokushisa ukuze kwakhiwe ngokushesha ichibi elincane elincibilikisiwe ebusweni be-substrate eyonakele ye-impeller. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-powder e-alloy ahlinzekwa ngaphambi noma ngokuvumelanayo ezingxenyeni ezithile (njenge-composites esekelwe ku-nickel, i-cobalt-based, noma i-tungsten carbide-reinforced) afakwa echibini elincibilikisiwe, afinyelele ukubopha okusheshayo kwe-metallurgical ngezinto ze-substrate ezincane ezincibilikisiwe. Yonke inqubo, ehilela ukuncibilikisa, ukuxuba, ukusabalalisa, kanye nokuqina okusheshayo, iqedwa ngemizuzwana noma ngisho nama-millisecond, yakha uqweqwe oluqinile, olusebenzayo olunesibopho esinamandla se-metallurgical ku-substrate kanye nokwakheka nezakhiwo ezilawuleka kakhulu. Lokhu kufana "nokwenza ngokwezifiso" kanye "nokushisela ngaphandle komthungo" isivikelo esinamandla kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile ze-impeller.

II. Izinzuzo Zobuchwepheshe: Ukunemba, Ukuqina, Umnotho, kanye Nobungani Bemvelo

Uma kuqhathaniswa namasu okulungisa endabuko njengokushisela kanye nokufutha ngokushisa, ukumbozwa nge-laser kubonisa izinzuzo ezingenakuqhathaniswa emkhakheni wokwenza kabusha ama-impeller:

1. Ukufakwa kokushisa okuphansi kakhulu kanye nokuguqulwa: Amandla e-laser agxile kakhulu, futhi indawo ethintekile ekushiseni incane kakhulu (ngokuvamile i-0.1-1mm), engacindezela ukuguquguquka kokushisa kanye nokucindezeleka okusele kwezingxenye ezinezindonga ezincane noma eziqondile njenge-impeller ngezinga elikhulu kakhulu futhi iqinisekise ukunemba kwazo kwejometri.

2. Amandla okubopha angenakuqhathaniswa: Amandla okubopha phakathi kobuso bokubopha kwensimbi aphezulu kakhulu kunalawo okubopha okufuthwayo okushisa, okuboshwe kakhulu ngomshini, okufinyelela ku-70%-90% wezinto eziyisisekelo, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ukubopha kuqinile futhi akuwi ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezinzima zesivinini esikhulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu.

3. Ukusebenza kokugqoka "okungahlelwa": Ngokuklama uhlelo lwe-alloy powder ngendlela eguquguqukayo, izindawo ezithile ze-impeller zinganikezwa izakhiwo zokulwa nokuguguleka, zokulwa nokugqwala, zokulwa nokushiswa kokushisa okuphezulu, noma izakhiwo ezihlanganisiwe, kuqashelwa "ukusebenzisa kuphela okudingekayo nokunikeza kuphela izakhiwo ezidingekayo".

4. Ukunemba okuhle kakhulu kokucubungula kanye nekhwalithi yobuso: Ubukhulu bokumboza bungalawulwa ngokunembile phakathi kuka-0.2-3mm, futhi ubuso buyisicaba ngesibonelelo esincane sokucubungula okulandelayo, futhi ngisho nokwakheka kwesimo esiseduze ne-net kungafinyelelwa.

5. Izinzuzo ezibalulekile zomnotho eziluhlaza: Izindleko zokulungisa zingama-30%-50% kuphela ekukhiqizeni izingxenye ezintsha, ukonga amandla nezinto ezibonakalayo kudlula ama-60%, futhi impilo yonke ye-impeller yandiswa kakhulu, okwenza kube yisibonelo esicacile somnotho ojikelezayo kanye nemibono yentuthuko esimeme.

III. Inqubo Yokumboza: Kusukela Ekuskeni Kwe-3D Kuya Ekuqedeni Okuhle

Ukwakhiwa kabusha kwe-impeller laser cladding kuyinqubo yobunjiniyela ehlelekile neqondile:

1. Ukuhlolwa komonakalo kanye nokwenziwa kwedijithali kwe-3D: Okokuqala, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa okungabhubhisi ku-impeller endala, bese kutholakala imodeli enembile yejometri yendawo eyonakele kusetshenziswa ukuskena kwe-3D.

2. Ukuhlela Indlela Nokuklama Inqubo: Ngokusekelwe kumodeli, indlela yokuskena efanele yekhanda le-laser ihleliwe, futhi kunqunywa amapharamitha enqubo eyinhloko afana namandla e-laser afanayo, isivinini sokuskena, kanye nesilinganiso sokudla kwempuphu.

3. Ukwelashwa Kwangaphambi Kokuhlanzwa Kwe-Substrate: Indawo yokulungisa ihlanzwa kanzima, ihlanzwe ngamanzi angcolile, futhi iphathwe ngokushisa. Ngezinye izikhathi kudingeka ukushisa ukuze kuncishiswe ukucindezeleka kokushisa.

4. Ukuqapha Okuhlakaniphile Nokumboza Inqubo: Ngaphansi kokusebenza kohlelo lwe-CNC noma irobhothi, ikhanda le-laser lihamba ngendlela enqunyiwe, liphakela impuphu ngendlela efanayo nangokunembile, futhi isimo sechibi elincibilikisiwe siqashwa ngesikhathi sangempela ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi ezinzile.

5. Ukuhlolwa Kokusebenza Ngemva Kokucubungula: Ngemva kokumbozwa, ukuncishiswa kokucindezeleka kungenziwa, kuhlanganiswe nomshini odingekayo wokubuyisela ukunemba kwephrofayili ye-blade. Ekugcineni, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa okuqinile kobukhulu, okungabhubhisi, kanye nokusebenza.

IV. Ukuzalwa Kabusha: Ukuthuthukiswa Kokusebenza Nokutholakala Kabusha Kwenani

Ama-impeller asebenze kabusha nge-laser cladding avame ukufeza intuthuko ekusebenzeni okuphelele, aze adlule ngisho nokwemikhiqizo emisha:

Ngokuphathelene nokusebenza: Ubulukhuni bezingxenye ezibalulekile (njengomphetho wokungena komoya kanye nesihloko se-blade) bungandiswa bube izikhathi eziphindwe kabili kuya kwezingu-3 kunezezinto eziyisisekelo, futhi impilo yokumelana nokuguguleka yandiswa izikhathi ezi-3-10; ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nokusebenza kokumelana ne-cavitation kufinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu. Isibonelo, ngemva kokuba impeller yephampu yamanzi yesiteshi samandla imbozwe nge-alloy esekelwe ku-cobalt, impilo yayo yokumelana ne-cavitation yanda izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezingu-5.

Izinga lejiyometri: Ibuyisela noma ithuthukise ngokunembile iphrofayili yomklamo wokuqala, iqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-hydraulic kanye nokusebenza kwe-aerodynamic.

Izinga lezomnotho: Kunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokugcinwa kwemishini kanye nokuthengwa kwezingxenye ezisele, kunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwesikhathi sokungasebenzi okungahleliwe.

Izinga lamasu: Lobu buchwepheshe bubaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okuphephile kwesikhathi eside kwemishini ebalulekile emikhakheni ebalulekile njengamandla kagesi, amakhemikhali kaphethiloli, ukwakhiwa kwemikhumbi, kanye nezindiza, kanye nokunciphisa ukuthembela ezingxenyeni ezisele ezingenisiwe.

Isiphetho

Kusukela ezingxenyeni eziyinkimbinkimbi zokubopha ngensimbi kuya ekubunjweni kabusha kwama-impeller, ubuchwepheshe bokubopha nge-laser bubonisa ngokuphelele ubunye "bokunemba" kanye "namandla" ekukhiqizeni kwanamuhla. Akuyona nje indlela yokulungisa, kodwa kuyindlela yokuguqula yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kanye nomqondo wokukhiqiza oluhlaza. Ngokuhlanganiswa okujulile kobuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile nobedijithali kanye nokucubungula nge-laser, ukubopha nge-laser ngokungangabazeki kuzobhala izinganekwane eziningi zezimboni emkhakheni omkhulu wokuvuselela imishini ephezulu.