Ukumbozwa nge-laser: "ukuvuselelwa kabusha" kwezingxenye ezinembile zenjini ye-aero
Izinjini zezindiza, ezibizwa ngokuthi “igugu lomqhele” embonini yanamuhla, zibhekana nezinselele ezingapheli ngezingxenye zazo eziyinhloko njengezinsika ze-turbine ezinengcindezi ephezulu kanye namagiya okudlulisa. Lezi zingxenye ezibalulekile zihlala zibekezelela amazinga okushisa aphezulu, ukucindezeleka, kanye nesivinini sokujikeleza. Ukukhathala kuyakhula buthule, izindawo zamazinyo egiya ziyaguga ngesikhathi sokuhlanganisa, futhi amathiphu ama-blade athola umonakalo ovela ekujikelezeni kwesivinini esikhulu. Nakuba kubonakala kuncane, la maphutha amancane asebenza “njengokwehluleka kwezitho” okufihliwe — okubangela ukuwohloka kokusebenza kanye nokwenyuka kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okungcono kakhulu, kanye nokwehluleka okubi kakhulu. Ukunakekelwa “kokufaka esikhundleni” kwendabuko kubonakala kubiza futhi kudla isikhathi, kuyilapho ukwanda kobuchwepheshe be-laser cladding manje kunikeza ikhambi eliguqulayo lokuvuselela lezi zingxenye zokunemba.
Ukumbozwa nge-laser: "ukufakelwa kwamaseli" okuqondiswe ngokunemba
Ukumbozwa nge-laser kungaphezu nje "kokupenda" okulula kobuso - ubuchwepheshe bokuvuselela obunembile obufeza ukubopha kwe-metallurgical ezingeni lama-molecule. Inqubo eyinhloko ihilela ukusebenzisa umsebe we-laser onamandla aphezulu ukudala amachibi okuncibilikisa okuncane ezingxenyeni ezonakele, ngenkathi ngesikhathi esifanayo kujovwa impuphu yensimbi eyenziwe ngokukhethekile ngokunemba okuqondile. Lawa impuphu ayancibilika ngokushesha, ahlangane ngokuphelele nezinto eziyisisekelo, futhi aqine ngokupholisa okusheshayo. Yonke inqubo ifana "nokuhlinzwa okuncane" okucophelelayo:
Ukwenziwa Kwendawo Okunembile: Ugongolo lwe-laser lufinyelela ukunemba kokubeka ezingeni le-micron, luhlose ngokukhetha izindawo ezonakele ngenkathi luvikela izindawo ezinempilo, lugcina ubuqotho bezingxenye kanye namandla ngezinga elikhulu.
Ukuzalwa Kabusha Kwensimbi: Isendlalelo sokumboza sakha isibopho esiqinile sensimbi ne-substrate, sifinyelela amandla okubopha adlula i-400MPa – sidlula ukufutha okuvamile kokushisa (50-100MPa) ngesilinganiso sesithathu – siqeda ngempumelelo izingozi zokukhuhla i-coating.
Ukusebenza Okuhle Ngokwezifiso: Ngokukhetha impuphu ezihambisana nesisekelo noma zezinga eliphezulu (kufaka phakathi ama-alloy asezingeni eliphezulu lokushisa, ama-alloy asekelwe ku-cobalt/nickel angagugi, ngisho nama-composites aqiniswe nge-ceramic), singathuthukisa ukumelana nokushisa kwendawo yokulungisa, ukumelana nokuguguleka, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nokumelana nokukhathala ngokusebenzisa ukulungiswa okuqondiwe.
Umkhuba wokulungisa izingxenye ezibalulekile: ukusebenza kahle ngale "kokufaka esikhundleni"
Ukuvuselelwa Kwethiphu Le-Blade: Ukuguguleka noma ukuguguleka kwe-blade kungalimaza amaphrofayili abalulekile e-aerodynamic, kunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwenjini. Ukumbozwa nge-laser kwenza ukulungiswa okunembile kwamaphutha nokubuyiselwa kwe-contour ye-aerodynamic. Ama-powder akhethekile anokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kunezinto zokuqala (njengezimbozo ze-MCrAlY eziqukethe ama-oxide omhlaba angavamile) angasetshenziswa, okuthuthukisa ukumelana nokuminza kokushisa okuphezulu ngenkathi kulungiswa i-blade. Ngemva kokulungiswa kokumbozwa nge-laser, ama-turbine blades anomfutho ophezulu avela kumodeli ethile abonise amandla aphezulu okushisa aphezulu esikhathi eside ngama-10-15% kunama-blade amasha, okuholela empilweni yenkonzo ende kakhulu.
Ukuqinisa Ubuso Bezinyo Legiya: Ukugoba, ukucheba, noma ukuguguleka ezindaweni zamazinyo egiya kuyizindlela ezivamile zokwehluleka. Ubuchwepheshe bokumboza nge-laser bungakhulisa ngokunembile ungqimba oluqinile, olungagugi kakhulu (njenge-alloy ye-Stellite 6 esekelwe ku-cobalt enobunzima obufinyelela ku-HRC 40-50) ezindaweni zamazinyo ezigugile. Indawo yamazinyo ebuyiselwe ayigcini nje ngokubuyisa amaphrofayili aqondile amazinyo kodwa ivame ukufeza noma idlule ukusebenza kwezingxenye ezintsha maqondana nokumelana nokuguguleka. Ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kubonisa ukuthi amagiya endiza alungisiwe ambozwe nge-laser angandisa impilo yokukhathala ngo-200%-300%, ngenkathi enciphisa ngempumelelo umsindo wokudlulisa kanye nokudlidliza.
Ngaphandle kokulungiswa: Ijubane lokusebenza kanye nenani eliluhlaza
Inani le-laser cladding lidlula kakhulu "ukubuyiselwa":
Ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza: Inqubo yokulungisa futhi iyithuba lokuthuthukisa ukusebenza. Ngokusebenzisa izinto zokuhlobisa ezisebenzayo noma izembozo ezakhiwe ngendlela encane, izingxenye zinganikezwa izakhiwo zasendaweni ezingaphezu komklamo wokuqala (njengokumelana nokuguguleka okukhulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okukhulu kokushisa).
Uguquko lwezindleko: Inani lengxenye eyodwa enembile (njenge-blade ye-turbine eyodwa, igiya eliyinkimbinkimbi) enjinini yezindiza livame ukuba ngamakhulu ezinkulungwane zama-yuan. Izindleko zokulungisa i-laser cladding zivame ukuba ngu-20% -50% kuphela wengxenye entsha, futhi inzuzo yezomnotho iyamangalisa.
Inzuzo yokujikeleza: Uma kuqhathaniswa nomjikelezo omude wokukhiqiza nokuthenga wokulinda izingxenye ezintsha, ukulungiswa kwe-laser endaweni noma eduze kwendawo kunganciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi kwemishini ebalulekile ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-70, okuqinisekisa ukulungela ukulwa kanye nokusebenza kahle.
Ukukhiqiza okuluhlaza: ukunciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu njengokumbiwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuncibilikisa kanye nokuqeda, kunciphisa kakhulu ukukhinyabezeka kwekhabhoni embonini yokukhiqiza, futhi kuhambisana nesu lokuthuthukiswa okusimeme kwemboni yezindiza.