Izici Eziyisisekelo Zobuchwepheshe Bokumboza Nge-Laser
Ubuchwepheshe bokumboza nge-laser, indlela yokuguqula ubuso ethuthuke kakhulu, bungahlukaniswa ngokuphelele ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ngokwenqubo yokondla ngempuphu: indlela yokusetha kusengaphambili i-powder kanye nendlela yokondla ngempuphu ehambisanayo. Naphezu kokwabelana ngemiphumela efanayo, indlela yokondla ngempuphu ehambisanayo ivelele ngezinzuzo eziningana ezibalulekile. Ivumela ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo okungenamthungo, okubalulekile ekukhiqizweni okukhulu kwezimboni. Le ndlela futhi inezinga eliphezulu lokumuncwa kwamandla e-laser, okwenza ngcono ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza ze-laser. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingxenye ezenziwe ngale ndlela azinazo izimbobo zangaphakathi, ziqinisekisa ubuqotho bazo besakhiwo. Lapho kukhulunywa ngokumboza ngensimbi ye-ceramic, indlela yokondla ngempuphu ehambisanayo ikhanya ngempela. Ithuthukisa ngokumangalisayo ukumelana nokuqhekeka kwesendlalelo sokumboza futhi iqinisekisa ukuthi izigaba ze-ceramic eziqinile zisatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kuyo yonke indawo, zithuthukisa ukusebenza okuphelele kwendawo embozwe.
Ukumbozwa nge-laser kuchazwa yiqoqo lezici ezihlukile. Okokuqala, kunesilinganiso sokupholisa esisheshayo ngendlela emangalisayo, esifinyelela ku-10⁶ K/s. Le nqubo yokuqina okusheshayo iholela ekwakhekeni kwesakhiwo esincane esinobukhulu obuncane. Iphinde ivule umnyango wokudala izigaba ezintsha ezingenakufinyeleleka ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokulingana, njengezigaba eziguquguqukayo kanye nezakhiwo ezingafani. Lezi zici ezihlukile zesakhiwo esincane zinikeza izinto ezimboziwe izakhiwo ezithuthukisiwe zemishini nezomzimba.
Okwesibili, izinga lokuxuba i-coating ku-laser cladding ngokuvamile lingaphansi kuka-5%. Lokhu kuphumela ekubopheni okuqinile kwe-metallurgical noma i-interface diffusion bond ne-substrate. Ngokulungisa ngokunembile amapharamitha enqubo ye-laser njengamandla, isivinini sokuskena, kanye nesilinganiso sokudla kwempuphu, kungafinyelelwa i-coating yekhwalithi ephezulu enezinga lokuxuba eliphansi. Lokhu kulawulwa phezu kokwakheka kwe-coating kanye nezinga lokuxuba kuvumela ukwenza ngokwezifiso ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza.
Okwesithathu, ukumbozwa nge-laser kuhilela ukufaka okuncane kokushisa, okubangela ukuphambuka okuncane kakhulu. Uma kusetshenziswa ukumbozwa okusheshayo kwamandla aphezulu, ukuguquguquka kungancishiswa kuze kube yilapho kuwela ngaphansi kokubekezelelana kwengxenye. Lokhu kuyenza ifanelekele ukucubungula izingxenye ezinembile ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukunemba kobukhulu.
Okwesine, cishe akukho mingcele ekukhetheni i-powder. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukufaka ama-alloy ane-high-melting-point ebusweni bezinsimbi ezine-low-melting-point, kwandiswe ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-laser cladding. Ububanzi bokujiya kwesendlalelo se-cladding bubanzi kakhulu, kanye nobukhulu be-single-pass powder-feeding coating obusukela ku-0.2 kuya ku-2.0 mm.
Ukumbozwa okukhethayo kungenye inzuzo ephawulekayo yokumbozwa nge-laser. Kwenza kube lula ukusebenzisa okuhlosiwe kokumbozwa, kunciphisa imfucuza yezinto ezibonakalayo futhi kunikeze isilinganiso esihle kakhulu sokusebenza - kuya - kwezindleko. Amandla okukhomba umsebe we-laser avumela ukumbozwa ezindaweni ezinzima ukufinyelela kuzo, okwenza kube kufanelekile ezingxenyeni ezibunjwe ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi. Okokugcina, inqubo ihambisana kakhulu nokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela, iqinisekisa ikhwalithi ehambisanayo kanye nokukhiqizwa okuphumelelayo ezindaweni zezimboni.
